// demonstrates pointer manipulations with functions
// Mikhail Nesterenko
// 10/29/2009

#include <iostream>

// passing pointer by value
void funcVal(int *p){
  *p = 22;
  p = new int(33);
}

// passing pointer by reference
void funcRef(int * &p){
  *p = 44;
  p = new int(55);
}

// passing pointer to pointer
void funcRefRef(int **pp){
  **pp = 66;
  *pp = new int(77);
}

// returning pointer
int *funcRet(){
  int *tmp = new int(88);
  return tmp;
}

int main(){
  int *ip1=new int(1);
  int *ip2=new int(1);
  int *ip3=new int(1);

  funcVal(ip1);  // pass-by-value
  funcRef(ip2);  // pass-by-reference
  funcRefRef(&ip3); // passing of pointer to pointer

  int *ip4=funcRet(); // returning a pointer
}